Creating Views
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Views contain the HTML served by your application and separate your controller / application logic from your presentation logic. Views are stored in the resources/views
directory. A simple view might look something like this:
<!-- View stored in resources/views/greeting.blade.php -->
<html>
<body>
<h1>Hello, {{ $name }}</h1>
</body>
</html>
Since this view is stored at resources/views/greeting.blade.php
, we may return it using the global view
helper like so:
Route::get('/', function () {
return view('greeting', ['name' => 'James']);
});
As you can see, the first argument passed to the view
helper corresponds to the name of the view file in the resources/views
directory. The second argument is an array of data that should be made available to the view. In this case, we are passing the name
variable, which is displayed in the view using Blade syntax.
Views may also be nested within sub-directories of the resources/views
directory. "Dot" notation may be used to reference nested views. For example, if your view is stored at resources/views/admin/profile.blade.php
, you may reference it like so:
return view('admin.profile', $data);
Determining If A View Exists
If you need to determine if a view exists, you may use the View
facade. The exists
method will return true
if the view exists:
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\View;
if (View::exists('emails.customer')) {
//
}
Creating The First Available View
Using the first
method, you may create the first view that exists in a given array of views. This is useful if your application or package allows views to be customized or overwritten:
return view()->first(['custom.admin', 'admin'], $data);
You may also call this method via the View
facade:
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\View;
return View::first(['custom.admin', 'admin'], $data);
Passing Data To Views
As you saw in the previous examples, you may pass an array of data to views:
return view('greetings', ['name' => 'Victoria']);
When passing information in this manner, the data should be an array with key / value pairs. Inside your view, you can then access each value using its corresponding key, such as <?php echo $key; ?>
. As an alternative to passing a complete array of data to the view
helper function, you may use the with
method to add individual pieces of data to the view:
return view('greeting')->with('name', 'Victoria');
Sharing Data With All Views
Occasionally, you may need to share a piece of data with all views that are rendered by your application. You may do so using the view facade's share
method. Typically, you should place calls to share
within a service provider's boot
method. You are free to add them to the AppServiceProvider
or generate a separate service provider to house them:
<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\View;
class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
/**
* Register any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function register()
{
//
}
/**
* Bootstrap any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function boot()
{
View::share('key', 'value');
}
}
View Composers
View composers are callbacks or class methods that are called when a view is rendered. If you have data that you want to be bound to a view each time that view is rendered, a view composer can help you organize that logic into a single location.
For this example, let's register the view composers within a service provider. We'll use the View
facade to access the underlying Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory
contract implementation. Remember, Laravel does not include a default directory for view composers. You are free to organize them however you wish. For example, you could create an app/Http/View/Composers
directory:
<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\View;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
class ViewServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
/**
* Register any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function register()
{
//
}
/**
* Bootstrap any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function boot()
{
// Using class based composers...
View::composer(
'profile', 'App\Http\View\Composers\ProfileComposer'
);
// Using Closure based composers...
View::composer('dashboard', function ($view) {
//
});
}
}
Note:
Remember, if you create a new service provider to contain your view composer registrations, you will need to add the service provider to theproviders
array in theconfig/app.php
configuration file.
Now that we have registered the composer, the ProfileComposer@compose
method will be executed each time the profile
view is being rendered. So, let's define the composer class:
<?php
namespace App\Http\View\Composers;
use Illuminate\View\View;
use App\Repositories\UserRepository;
class ProfileComposer
{
/**
* The user repository implementation.
*
* @var UserRepository
*/
protected $users;
/**
* Create a new profile composer.
*
* @param UserRepository $users
* @return void
*/
public function __construct(UserRepository $users)
{
// Dependencies automatically resolved by service container...
$this->users = $users;
}
/**
* Bind data to the view.
*
* @param View $view
* @return void
*/
public function compose(View $view)
{
$view->with('count', $this->users->count());
}
}
Just before the view is rendered, the composer's compose
method is called with the Illuminate\View\View
instance. You may use the with
method to bind data to the view.
service container, so you may type-hint any dependencies you need within a composer's constructor.
">Tip!! All view composers are resolved via the
Attaching A Composer To Multiple Views
You may attach a view composer to multiple views at once by passing an array of views as the first argument to the composer
method:
View::composer(
['profile', 'dashboard'],
'App\Http\View\Composers\MyViewComposer'
);
The composer
method also accepts the *
character as a wildcard, allowing you to attach a composer to all views:
View::composer('*', function ($view) {
//
});
View Creators
View creators are very similar to view composers; however, they are executed immediately after the view is instantiated instead of waiting until the view is about to render. To register a view creator, use the creator
method:
View::creator('profile', 'App\Http\View\Creators\ProfileCreator');